NAME
strtod, strtof,
strtold —
convert ASCII string to floating
point
LIBRARY
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include
<stdlib.h>
double
strtod(const char *restrict
nptr, char **restrict endptr);
float
strtof(const char *restrict
nptr, char **restrict endptr);
long double
strtold(const char *restrict
nptr, char **restrict endptr);
DESCRIPTION
These conversion functions convert the initial portion of the string pointed to by nptr to double, float, and long double representation, respectively.
The expected form of the string is an optional plus (``+'') or minus (``-'') sign, followed by either:
- a decimal significand, consisting of a sequence of decimal digits (optionally containing a decimal-point character) or
- a hexadecimal significand, consisting of a ``0X'' or ``0x'' followed by a sequence of hexadecimal digits (optionally containing a decimal-point character).
In both cases, the significand may be optionally followed by an exponent. An exponent consists of an ``E'' or ``e'' (for decimal constants) or a ``P'' or ``p'' (for hexadecimal constants), followed by an optional plus or minus sign, followed by a sequence of decimal digits. For decimal constants, the exponent indicates the power of 10 by which the significand should be scaled. For hexadecimal constants, the scaling is instead done by powers of 2.
Alternatively, if the portion of the string following the
optional plus or minus sign begins with “INFINITY” or
“NAN”, ignoring case, it is interpreted as an infinity or a
quiet NaN, respectively. The syntax
“NAN(s)”, where s
is an alphanumeric string, produces the same value as the call
nan("s");
(respectively,
nanf("s");
and
nanl("s");.)
In any of the above cases, leading white-space characters in the
string (as defined by the
isspace(3) function) are skipped. The decimal point character is
defined in the program's locale (category
LC_NUMERIC).
Extended locale versions of these functions are documented in strtod_l(3). See xlocale(3) for more information.
RETURN VALUES
The strtod(),
strtof(), and strtold()
functions return the converted value, if any.
If endptr is not
NULL, a pointer to the character after the last
character used in the conversion is stored in the location referenced by
endptr.
If no conversion is performed, zero is returned and the value of nptr is stored in the location referenced by endptr.
If the correct value would cause overflow, plus or minus
HUGE_VAL, HUGE_VALF, or
HUGE_VALL is returned (according to the sign and
type of the return value), and ERANGE is stored in
errno. If the correct value would cause underflow,
zero is returned and ERANGE is stored in
errno.
ERRORS
- [
ERANGE] - Overflow or underflow occurred.
SEE ALSO
atof(3), atoi(3), atol(3), nan(3), strtod_l(3), strtol(3), strtoul(3), wcstod(3)
STANDARDS
The strtod() function conforms to
ISO/IEC 9899:1999
(“ISO C99”).
AUTHORS
The author of this software is David M. Gay.
Copyright (c) 1998 by Lucent Technologies All Rights Reserved Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that the copyright notice and this permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Lucent or any of its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission. LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.